Cummings and Wise argue that although institutional factors contribute to massive scandals such as Watergate and the Iran-contra affair, these factors do not absolve individual guilt

World federalism suggests

a. more regional government control; states would not give up their armaments, but political power would shift to the regional level. b. the creation of an international federation in which states maintain their national armaments but accept some degree of central government. c. the dissolution of state boundaries and a transfer of individual loyalty along national lines, which would be coordinated through information technology and transnational organizations. d. the creation of an international federation in which states give up their national armaments and accept some degree of central government. e. the complete dissolution of states in favor of one or more international federations organized along regional lines.

Suppose a company wants to build a factory that will dump pollutants into the river. The company needs certain permissions from the government and wants tax breaks because they are bringing in jobs. The community is very much against this new environmental hazard and protests loudly. Many citizens are calling their state and federal legislators to say they don’t want the factory to be built. If the neopluralist philosophy holds true, which of the following is likely to happen?

a. Because business interests are privileged, the company will receive the permissions and tax breaks it is seeking. b. The citizens will soon tire of arguing against the inevitable and will reconcile themselves to the factory. c. To effect this change, these citizens will need to band together with a large, wealthy environmental lobbying group. d. Because the public cares so much about the issue, politicians may be reluctant to defy their constituents