Explain the concept of fictional finalism
What will be an ideal response?
ANS: Adler applied the term finalism to the idea that we have an ultimate goal, a final state of being, and a need to move toward it. The goals for which we strive, however, are potentialities, not actualities. Adler believed that our goals are fictional or imagined ideals that cannot be tested against reality. We live our lives around ideals such as the belief that all people are created equal or that all people are basically good. These beliefs influence the ways we perceive and interact with other people.
Adler formalized this concept as fictional finalism, the notion that fictional ideas guide our behavior as we strive toward a complete or whole state of being. We direct the course of our lives by many such fictions, but the most pervasive one is the ideal of perfection.
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Within the United States, parents with lower socioeconomic status tend to be _____________ than are parents of higher socioeconomic status
a. more controlling and more punitive c. warmer and more lenient b. less controlling and less punitive d. more univolved
Heidi is shown 16 flowers, 4 of which are blue and 12 of which are red. Asked, "Are there more red flowers or flowers?" Heidi, a preoperational child, responds, "More red flowers." This problem demonstrates Heidi's difficulty with
A) animistic thinking. B) egocentrism. C) hierarchical classification. D) magical thinking.