According to Cannon's fight or flight theory of stress, the _________system is activated

Shaping is the process of:

a. reinforcing a series of responses that approximate the desired behavior. b. decreasing the likelihood of a behavior. c. reinforcing the basic motivational needs of a subject. d. punishing a series of responses that you want to increase.

In the United States, to keep conversation flowing, individuals often rely on _________ such as "um," "you know," and "like" when looking for the right word or phrase

a. conjunctions b. filler words c. connectors d. spacing words