The tendency to respond to problems with a pattern of anxiety, hostility, anger, guilt or nervousness is referred to as _________________
A) learned helplessness
B) pessimism
C) negative affectivity
D) emotional coping
Answer: C
Rationale: Negative affectivity refers to the tendency to respond to problems with a pattern of anxiety, hostility, anger, guilt or nervousness.
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Which of the following would be the best example of culture affecting categorization?
A) A five-year-old child calls a dolphin a "fish." B) A Japanese man takes off his shoes before entering a house. C) A woman from a traditional hunter-gather society categorizes plants as edible, inedible, or medicinal, instead of as flower, root, berry, etc. D) A farmer sees a picture of a chicken sandwich in a magazine and decides to make himself one for lunch.
Lev Vygotsky's theory focuses on
A) critical periods of human development. B) children's capacity to shape their own development. C) how behavior patterns promote survival. D) how culture is transmitted to the next generation.