The president's power to grant a pardon serves as a check on _____.

Identify the three arenas in which political parties can be found.

What will be an ideal response?

Advocates of the responsible party model believe parties should craft a platform, candidates should run on that platform, and the majority party should __________

a. implement it b. refine it according to officeholders' preferences c. set it aside and craft a new platform that it will attempt to enact d. do whatever is necessary to stay in the majority