If the marginal propensity to consume is 6/7, then the multiplier is 7

Which of the following would generate positive externalities?

a. flu vaccinations b. pesticides used to create greater yields per bushel c. cigarette smoking in elevators d. litter left at the beach e. an unkempt front yard

A utility function

A. shows the relation between prices and a consumer's utility. B. shows the relation between the amount of goods consumed and a consumer's utility. C. shows the relation between income and a consumer's utility. D. all of the above E. none of the above