Which of the following effectively sums up the criteria for being diagnosed with a personality disorder?
a. A personality disorder must cause occasional problems, be pervasive, and must be caused by something else.
b. A personality disorder must cause problems, be pervasive, and not be caused by something else.
c. A personality disorder must be self-reported, occur only in specific situations, and not be caused by something else.
d. A personality disorder must cause problems, be pervasive, and must be caused by something else.
Answer: B
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Suppose that you have been given a short list of words to memorize. After you have read
through the list once, you discover that you can remember the last four words easily. This result is an example of a. Peterson and Peterson's recall procedure. b. proactive remembering. c. the primacy effect. d. the recency effect. e. the chunking procedure.
Basic-level concepts
a. always differentiate clearly between a member and a nonmember of a category. b. are the most efficient to access. c. contain a small number of individual exemplars and their common characteristics. d. are based on differences rather than similarities. e. are more subordinate than superordinate.