All of the following are reasons why the diagnosis of learning disorders is
controversial except:
a. The field of learning disorders lacks a theoretical framework that would enable
scientists to form and test specific hypotheses to unify the available information.
b. The pervasive nature of learning disorders results in considerable diversity in the
manifestations of each disorder in different children.
c. There is a lack of well-validated tests to diagnose learning disabilities.
d. Social, political, and economic concerns often have a major impact on research in
the learning disabilities field.
e. The criteria used to diagnose learning disorders commonly differ from one state
or local area to another.
B
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According to the research on visual images and problem solving,
a. when people solve a problem using imagery, they rarely supplement an image with verbal material. b. visual images are typically more rational than verbal methods of representing the problem. c. visual imagery often prevents people from solving a problem creatively. d. visual images often allow problem solvers to select nontraditional solutions for problems.
Which of the following statements is true?
a. Defensive coping is used only by immature people. b. Over the long run, defenses can hinder successful adjustment. c. Defense mechanisms are maladaptive. d. Defensive coping signifies an impending breakdown.