Like the MAC, a __________ accepts a variable size message M as input and produces a fixed size message digest H(M) as output. Unlike the MAC, it does not take a secret key as input.

What is the difference between a waiting line model as described in Supplement B and a simulation model of a waiting line problem?

What will be an ideal response?

The present value of an ordinary annuity of $2,350 each year for 8 years, assuming an opportunity cost of 11 percent, is: (Round to the nearest whole dollar.)

A) $1,020 B) $27,869 C) $18,800 D) $12,093