The downward sloping labor demand curve demonstrates that as the ________ increases the ________ decreases

In 2012, all of fast-food chains expanded their hours of operation, with nearly 40% of all McDonald's restaurants being open 24 hours per day. This strategy was aimed at increasing sales because:

A) it was estimated that nearly one-fifth of all employed Americans worked primarily in the evening contributing to the demand for fast-food in late hours. B) it was estimated that consumers who shop at night tend to be more price sensitive. C) it was believed that longer hours of operation would lead to greater brand loyalty. D) none of the above.

Which of the following is NOT an example of a way in which microeconomic analysis can help in designing environmental policy?

A) Determining the optimal level of vehicle fuel efficiency standards B) Designing laws to provide incentives for firms to implement clean technologies in new vehicles C) Lobbying consumers and firms to reduce consumption of energy D) Examining the tradeoffs between ecological benefits of environmental legislation and its impacts on consumers' standard of living