Identify at least three different methods of cost containment, and briefly describe how each method tries to control the rising cost of health care

diagnostic related groups: limit is placed on cost of care based on the diagnosis classification, health care agencies are encouraged to provide care within the expense limit allowed; combination of services: clinics, laboratories shared by different agencies, HMOs, and PPOs all try to combine services to avoid duplication; outpatient services: patients receive care without admission to hospitals or other care facilities in order to decrease costs; mass or bulk purchasing: several agencies buy equipment and supplies in larger quantities to obtain a reduced price; early intervention and preventive services: providing care before acute or chronic disease occurs; energy conservation: monitoring the use of energy to control costs and conserve resources