Which two former Yugoslav republics became the focus of conflict when civil war broke out in 1991? (Choose all that apply.)

Alice will be 85 years old when the next presidential election arrives. Will she be likely to vote?

a. Alice will be likely to vote in 2014 because political participation rises steadily with age. b. Alice will be unlikely to vote in 2014 because political participation falls steadily with age. c. Alice will be likely to vote in 2014, unless the infirmities of old age make it too hard for her to cast a ballot. d. Alice will be unlikely to vote in 2014 because interest in politics declines after retirement.

Which of the following is measured by comparing pretests to posttests?

a.) the test effect b.) effectiveness of questions c.) the size of a control group d.) the impact of a stimulus