It has been suggested that therapist manuals increase which type of validity?

Who is most likely to obtain the top score on his or her vocabulary test?

A) James, who made flash cards of all his words and is going over and over them. B) Cynthia, who has written down each word and definition five times in her notebook. C) Ryan, who has drawn a picture to illustrate each word. D) Harriet, who says the words and definitions over and over to herself all day long.

Dr. Brody reminds her graduate students that development continues until death and that it reflects an ongoing, complex interaction between physical, cognitive, and social factors. Dr. Brody takes a(n) ______ approach to human development

a) multidirectional b) lifespan c) longitudinal d) "old-school"