Prior expectations about a situation are problematic because

a. they are sometimes wrong
b. perceivers don't always recognize that expectations can bias their thinking
c. they can overrule consideration of other information
d. all of the above

Answer: D

Psychology

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Charles Spearman's belief that there is a factor of general intelligence underlying all intelligent performance was based on his finding that

a. the performance of individuals on a variety of intelligence tests was highly correlated. b. each individual domain has associated with it specific skills. c. a person's performance on tests depended both on general intelligence and domain-specific abilities. d. fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence were relatively independent.

Psychology

Hormonal sex refers to the

a. XX chromosomes in females or XY chromosomes in males. b. predominance of estrogens in females or androgens in males. c. ovaries in females or testes in males. d. clitoris and vagina in females or the penis and scrotum in males.

Psychology