How does the endocrine system influence behavior? Give examples of the glands and their hormones
What will be an ideal response?
*The endocrine system influences behavior by secreting chemicals that influence such things as learning and memory, growth and metabolic rate, blood glucose levels, sexual characteristics, and stress reactions.
* The pineal gland secretes melatonin, which is involved in sleep.
* The pancreas secretes insulin, which the body needs in order to use blood sugar or glucose.
* The hypothalamus is both an endocrine gland and a center for a wide variety of behaviors related to survival. It signals the pituitary gland to release hormones.
* The thyroid releases thyroxine when activated by the pituitary's thyroid-stimulating hormone. This hormone regulates growth and metabolic rate.
* The gonads (ovaries in women and testes in men) produce sex hormones (androgens in men and estrogens in women).
* The adrenal glands secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine, which power the activity of the sympathetic system.
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Students who study hard because they find the subject interesting are driven by __________
a) drive motivation. b) instinctive motivation. c) extrinsic motivation. d) intrinsic motivation.
The pursuit of an activity for external reward is called __________
a) the need for affiliation. b) intrinsic motivation. c) extrinsic motivation. d) a mastery goal.