Summarize the evidence concerning the genetic, biological, and environmental causes of schizophrenia. What is the current thinking about how and why schizophrenia develops?
What will be an ideal response?
* Genetic evidence suggests having a brother or sister with schizophrenia raises the risk to 9 percent, 46 percent for children of two schizophrenics, 5 percent for grandchildren, 48 percent for identical twins, and 17 percent for fraternal twins.
* Studies of adopted children suggest nature plays a more significant role than nurture.
* Compared to normal people, people diagnosed with schizophrenia have larger cerebral ventricles.
* Research suggests the neurotransmitter dopamine plays a role in producing schizophrenia.
* Schizophrenia is diagnosed more often in lower income individuals than higher income and more in urban than rural people.
* Nutrition and the amount of expressed emotion in a family also play a role. (See Table 12-9, p. 519.)
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Wage incentive plans are employed with much greater frequency than merit pay plans
a. true b. false
Which statement might help you determine if an individual has narcolepsy?
a) "I have difficulty getting to sleep." b) "I don't have an adverse reaction to sleeping pills." c) "When I laugh really hard I tend to fall to the floor." d) "When I get up in the morning I have the feeling that I had really bad nightmares."