An increase in taxes will ________ consumption spending, and a decrease in transfer payments will ________ consumption spending

A large farming operation which uses a potent fertilizer is located up river from a trout farmer. If property rights of the river exist and transactions costs are low, the amount of pollution will be ________

A) efficient only if the trout farmer owns the river B) inefficient if the farming operation owns the river C) efficient if either the farming operation or the trout farmer own the river D) always inefficient

Why isn't national defense provided by free markets?

What will be an ideal response?