Which of the following is the term used to describe the exchange of gas between lung units with different time constants?
a. Streaming
b. Pendelluft
c. Taylor-type dispersion
d. Diffusion
ANS: B
Pendelluft, which is the exchange of gas between lung units with different time constants, is ob-served through photographic studies or by the measurement of different pressure values in the airways.
Streaming, or asymmetric velocity profiles, is thought to occur because the velocity of gas flow is higher in the center of the airway.
Taylor-type dispersion is the enhanced diffusion of gases caused by the turbulence of high gas flows reaching small airways. With this type of enhanced gas transport, simple molecular diffu-sion likely is enhanced as well because more mixing of inspired and expired gas occurs at more distal points in the tracheobronchial tree.
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