Why do we say that culture is both top down and bottom up?
What will be an ideal response?
Leadership is a necessary but not sufficient condition for creating, maintaining or shaping culture. If a leader does not act in a way consistent with cultural values, then employees get the idea that the values are not really integral to the culture. At the same time, culture is also created through grassroots interactions. Just because a leader espouses a certain value does not mean it will be accepted or enacted by employees. Culture takes both strong support and guidance by leaders and acceptance and buy-in by employees.
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Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches?
A. Work especially hard on your conclusion. B. Think of your speech as an act of communication. C. Try to generate extra adrenaline as you speak. D. Concentrate on thinking about your stage fright. E. Avoid making eye contact with your audience.
Holly is a member of a study group. She shows up to study sessions but never volunteers to lead the session or take notes. If she is assigned a task for the week, she usually doesn't finish it before the next study session, meaning that someone else has to pick up the slack. What small group pitfall is Holly engaging in?
A. groupthink B. interdependence C. group domination D. social loafing