The product of cardiac output and total peripheral resistance defines

At what stage during recovery should the patient be extubated?

You are by the side of a 77-year-old male patient with a complaint of shortness of breath. Auscultation of his lungs indicates crackles in the bases. In addition, both of his feet are swollen. His SpO2 on room air is 82%. The remainder of his vital signs are pulse, 144; respirations, 26 breaths/min; and blood pressure 168/90, mmHg. The patient reports lower back pain with a history of a "pinched nerve" in that area. He states that he always has this pain. He has difficulty finishing his sentences without gasping for air. What is the most appropriate care for this patient after initiating oxygen?

A) Apply the AED in case he arrests en route to the hospital B) Initiate a bronchodilator through a small-volume nebulizer C) Transport him in a sitting position D) Provide spinal motion precautions and secure him to a long spine board for back pain