When the actor-observer effect occurs, we tend to attribute our own behavior to

You spend days wandering aimlessly around a park with many paths that end at different parts of the park One day when you arrive at the park, you get a call on your cell phone from a cousin whom you haven't seen in years, and she says she is waiting for you in a particular section of the park. Even though the paths are complicated and twisted, you manage to find the shortest route to your cousin. Tolman would explain your efficient passage through the park as an example of _____

a) spontaneous recovery. b) insight. c) the formation of a cognitive map. d) unconscious trial-and-error imagery.

Once child abuse begins,

A) it is fairly easy to reverse the behavior. B) parents respond with extreme guilt, which motivates them to seek outside help. C) children typically feel empathy for the parent. D) it quickly becomes part of a self-sustaining relationship.