Which of the following refers to a physiological state that usually triggers a state of motivational arousal?

Roger Vogler and his associates helped alcoholics to stop drinking by linking the alcohol with immediate discomfort by using

a. covert sensitization. b. EMDR. c. transference. d. response-contingent shocks.

As Tess has become an adult, she has come to understand that the contradictions in life are an inevitable part of reality. She sees that knowledge is relative, not absolute as she once thought. It appears that Tess’s thinking has become ____.?

a. ?dialectical b. ?categorical c. ?assimilated d. ?generative