Which group of fifteenth-century painters first used chiaroscuro to give the illusion of rounded forms on a flat surface?

In his 1788 sculpture, Jean-Antoine Houdon positioned a plowshare beaten by a sword behind George Washington to

a. signify his role as a warrior who brought peace to his people. b. show the two aspects—farming and military—of the United States. c. show that Washington was a farmer before becoming a general. d. reference the Roman farmer-poet Virgil and Augustus Caesar.

From the second century B.C.E. through the period of the Roman empire, __________ was the dominant Roman philosophy

A. Cynicism B. Stoicism C. Platonism D. Skepticism E. Epicureanism