Five-year-old Samantha is watching a storm from her window. A huge bolt of lightning is followed by a tremendous thunderclap. Startled, Samantha jumps at the noise. This happens several times
As the storm moves farther away, Samantha jumps at the sight of a lightning bolt but doesn't hear the thunder until after she jumps! In this example, the unconditioned stimulus is the _______________ and the conditioned stimulus is the _______________.
A) thunder; lightning
B) jumping; lightning
C) lightning; thunder
D) thunder; jumping
Answer: A
Rationale: The unconditioned stimulus is the stimulus that elicits a reflexive response without learning (in this case, the thunder), and the conditioned stimulus is the once neutral stimulus that now elicits a conditioned response because it has a history of being paired with an unconditioned stimulus (the lightning).
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