What are the subnetting formulas?
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If you take an exam on IP subnetting, you probably will not be permitted to use a subnet calculator. Although you can write the numbers out in binary format and create tables to determine the subnet identifiers and ranges, you can also use formulas to solve these problems.
Consider memorizing the following two formulas:
• 2y = # of usable subnets (where y is the number of bits borrowed)
• 2x - 2 = # of usable hosts per subnet (where x is the number of bits remaining in the host field after borrowing)
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