Briefly describe neuromodulation

What will be an ideal response?

Neuromodulation is a field that helps treat disorders of the central nervous system, including chronic pain. It "involves implanting an electrode within the nervous system, such as on or below the surface (cortex) of the brain, the spinal cord or the peripheral nerve. A pacemaker-like device called a neurostimulator is implanted in the upper chest and connected under the skin to the electrode. The device is programmed to deliver an electrical current to stimulate targeted nerve cells and nerve fibers in the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerve." Neuromodulation is used to treat such diverse conditions as Parkinson's disease, obsessive–compulsive disorder, pain, chronic nausea, urinary control, and benign prostate disease. Percutaneous neuromodulation therapy was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). It is used to treat back pain in an office procedure. It treats back pain by inserting electrodes (three times thinner than a human hair) into the tissue near the part of the spine causing the pain. The stimulation by the electrodes helps "calm…the nerves," alleviating the pain