What are the two distinct styles of early language learning? What accounts for a toddler's language style?
What will be an ideal response?
Young children have distinct styles of early language learning. Most toddlers use a referential style: their vocabularies consist mainly of words that refer to objects. A smaller number of toddlers use an expressive style: compared with referential children, they produce many more social formulas and pronouns. Referential children believe that words are for naming things, while expressive-style children believe that words are for talking about people's feelings and needs. The vocabularies of referential-style toddlers grow faster because all languages contain many more object labels than social phrases.
Rapidly developing referential-style children often have an especially active interest in exploring objects. They also eagerly imitate their parents' frequent naming of objects. Expressive-style children tend to be highly sociable, and their parents more often use verbal routines that support social relationships. The two language styles are also linked to culture.
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