Economic growth in any country is reflected by an increase in real GDP

To test for randomization when Xi is binary,

A) you regress Xi, on all W's and compute the F-statistic for testing that all the coefficients on the W's are zero. (The W's measure characteristics of individuals, and these are not affected by the treatment.) B) is not possible, since binary variables can only be regressors. C) requires reordering the observations randomly and re-estimating the model. If the coefficients remain the same, then this is evidence of randomization. D) requires seeking external validity for your study.

A negative demand shock

a. shifts the AD curve to the right b. decreases real GDP and increases the price level in the short run c. is the result of an increase in money demand d. results in a movement down and to the right along the AD curve e. decreases both real GDP and the price level in the short run