What are the major teratogens during the fetal period?
a. lack of maternal sleep and lack of exercise
b. excessive maternal weight gain and maternal age
c. malnutrition and tobacco
d. sugar and starch
Answer: C
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Why do children tend not to understand the value of money until they see all of the wonderful things that it can buy?
a. Because money is a secondary reinforcer, and only primary reinforcers provide gratification. b. Because money is a secondary reinforcer, whose value becomes satisfying or pleasurable through experience . c. Because children have learned that money must be earned, and therefore receiving it does not feel like a reward or reinforcer, but rather like a payment. d. Because children do not have the cognitive skills necessary to make the connection between an abstract concept like money and a concrete concept like a toy or candy.
In Berko's (1958) classic experiment, she showed young children a picture of a figure called a "wug" and then showed them two of these figures. She then asked them to respond to the following question:
"Now there are two ______________." Berko was measuring children's understanding of what? a. overextension b. possessives c. pragmatics d. grammar