Mya has dyslexia. She is in good company, her teacher tells her-many famous and highly intelligent people have/had dyslexia. Provide Mya with more information by describing the three related problems that are part of the phonological processing deficits often responsible for dyslexia, and briefly describe intervention strategies.

What will be an ideal response?

The ideal answer should include:
1. The three related problems are:
a) Phonological awareness: Difficulty in segmenting or analyzing words into their constituent phonemes.
b) Retrieving phonological codes from long-term memory: Difficulty or slowness at learning the names of familiar letters, digits, colors, days of the week, and so on, and in retrieving words from memory.
c) Phonological working memory: Difficulty remembering lists of digits or words, forgetting familiar numbers, or mixing up the order of digits in phone numbers.
2. The most effective intervention programs are begun at an early age and target phonological awareness, phonological decoding, and opportunities for reading aloud.
3. Response to intervention is a new three-tier approach in which children are provided with increasingly intense interventions (from quick classroom testing to one-on-one tutoring) as needed. As they master skills, they are moved back to lower-tier instruction.