Luke has a science test on Friday and knows that he needs to focus his attention during class and apply memory strategies when studying. Luke is demonstrating

A researcher finds that a particular medication causes rats' memory to improve. A second researcher plans to test this medication with humans diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. The second researcher is addressing the problem of ____

a. external validity b. internal validity c. reliability d. accuracy

After Fido started to salivate when he heard the electric can opener, the sound of the can opener would be classified as a(n)

a. unconditioned stimulus. b. conditioned stimulus. c. neutral stimulus. d. discriminative stimulus.