What are some methodological issues concerning research involving the cognitive retraining
of older adults with mild-moderate memory problems?
What will be an ideal response?
One of the critical issues concerning this research is transfer, or how well the results of
training efforts carry over into the real world. Typically adults are asked if their daily
functioning, such as handling finances or planning events, has improved as a result of
the training. Research has documented that transfer is more effective if the adult has
high memory self efficacy and memory monitoring. Self efficacy pertains to confidence,
and memory monitoring pertains to the adult's knowledge regarding memory
strategies, and how and why they work. Bolstering such confidence and knowledge via
training efforts is believed to be a critical component to the training process.
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Because preschoolers have difficulty distinguishing between their desired and their actual competence, they
A) tend to overestimate the difficulty of tasks. B) suffer from a constant fluctuation in self-esteem. C) usually rate their own ability as extremely high. D) give up easily when faced with a challenging task.
Jacob's psychiatrist has recommended electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT), and Jacob is debating whether to consent to this treatment. What is the worst risk of ECT which Jacob should consider in making his decision?
a) Bone fractures caused by the seizure b) Memory loss and confusion c) Epilepsy d) Permanent changes in brain structure