Briefly describe vicarious reinforcement
What will be an ideal response?
If you observe a person do something that is followed by a reward, you become more likely to engage in the same behavior, even though you did not receive the reward yourself. Likewise, if you see another person punished for a particular behavior, you become less likely to engage in the behavior yourself. This is presumably due to expectations that one will receive the same contingencies (reward or punishment).
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A middle-aged couple sought sex therapy after consulting their physician, who recommended that they see a psychologist. After a thorough evaluation, the psychologist recommended a technique called sensate focus
How will the psychologist explain this technique? a) "I want both of you to spend more time daydreaming about sex-related themes." b) "You need to spend more time engaged in physical activity so you can overcome the stress created in your lives." c) "The focus of the therapy is on the ability to achieve a zone of compatibility in which you are both thinking the same thing simultaneously." d) "At the beginning of therapy you need to become reacquainted with the pleasures of tactile contact, so you will explore each other's bodies."
The gate-control theory of pain suggests that
a. the pain signals must pass through a kind of "gate" located in the spinal cord. b. the skin receptors act as a gate for the pain sensation. c. the cortex blocks pain unless released by substance P. d. the gate is a physical structure that blocks pain signals. e. there are mechanisms at each level of the brain that can selectively block pain. messages.