What effect size is most commonly used with chi square?

Ultimate causes are associated most closely with ________, whereas proximate causes are most closely associated with ________

A) modern times; ancestral times B) particular cultures; all of human history C) social cognitive explanations; evolutionary D) ancestral times; modern times

Robb carefully designed a study to test a method for reducing test anxiety among students. On the day he conducts his post-test, a broken water main nearby results in jack hammering and other construction sounds that are seem to be distracting research participants. Robb's ability to detect differences among his groups may have been compromised by ____

a. low reliability of the measure b. random heterogeneity of participants c. poor reliability of treatment implementation d. random irrelevancies in the setting