In a laboratory, smokers are asked to "drive"
using a computerized driving simulator equipped with a stick shift and a gas pedal. The object is to maximize the distance covered by driving as fast as possible on a winding road while avoiding rear-end collisions. Some of the participants smoke a real cigarette immediately before climbing into the driver's seat. Others smoke a fake cigarette without nicotine. You are interested in comparing how many collisions the two groups have. In this study, the dependent variable is ________.
a) the use of nicotine
b) the use of a driving simulator
c) the number of collisions
d) the driving skills of each driver
ANS: c
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Which operant conditioning concept is useful in explaining why gamblers maintain an illusion of control?
a) extinction b) punishment c) partial reinforcement d) continuous reinforcement
Dee has been told by her parents that if she wants to drive their car then she has to get a job to
pay for the increased insurance coverage. AlthoughDee has picked up some applications from stores in the mall, she has not completed any ofthem. Sometimes she wishes she could drive her parent's car to school but other times she thinks itwould be easier to just ride with friends. Mostly, she hardly thinks at all about it. Which identity status is experiencing? a. Moratorium b. Foreclosure c. Identity diffusion d. Identity achievement