The verbal symbols we select to use are not intrinsically connected to what they represent. This is known as __________

Justin never thought of himself as a talented public speaker until his college classmates and teacher chose his speeches as the strongest in the class. Justin's new assessment of his abilities is a result of

a. social comparison. b. social construction. c. reflected appraisal. d. peer appraisal

________ leaders use a system of rewards and punishment to promote performance and function within the existing culture of the organization—thus seeking to retain the status quo

a. Transactional b. Situational c. Transformational d. Entrepreneurial e. none of the above