Mark thinks that language development over the life span requires a slow but steady shaping process. His belief is most directly relevant to the issue of

Suppose that people are working on an ongoing task. They are most likely to forget to complete a prospective-memory task if

a. they create a mental image of that prospective-memory task. b. they are performing the ongoing task automatically. c. the ongoing task is relatively easy. d. they create some concrete, external reminder of the prospective-memory task.

According to your text, high school students perform better than elementary school students in memory task experiments because they

A) can apply previously learned memory strategies to the new task. B) pay closer attention to the task. C) are more motivated. D) are more mature and therefore more goal-oriented.