Apnea of prematurity can be defined as:

1. respiratory pause causing bradycardia.
2. cycles of short breathing pauses followed by faster breathing.
3. no breathing for >20 seconds.
4. sudden apnea and death (crib death).
a. 4
b. 2
c. 1, 3
d. 3, 4

C
Apnea has two possible definitions: (1) respiratory pause causing bradycardia (or cyanosis or both) and (2) no breathing for less than 20 seconds. Apnea is usually found in a baby of less than 37 weeks' gestation. Period breathing is described as cycles of short breathing pauses followed by faster breathing. Sudden apnea and death (crib death) cases are usually associated with upper airway obstruction in an infant lying on its stomach or entangled with bed linens.