Ted, a college student, refuses to sign up for speech class because he is afraid that he will do something embarrassing in front of the class. He can't graduate until he completes the course. What is this behavior most likely associated with?

Dr. Snow studies attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among 4th grade students by attending the 4th grade class and spending the majority of time tallying how often students fidget in their seats. Dr. Snow is a(n)

a) observer as participant b) participant as observer. c) focus group leader. d) interviewer.

When encountering a specific situation, which of the following does not occur in the process of thinking about the situation?

a. A spiritual reaction b. An emotional reaction c. Cognitive belief system activation d. Social judgments