Which of the following might be considered a level of an independent variable?

The NAACP in Texas brought a lawsuit and won a ruling before the Supreme Court banning political parties from excluding citizens from membership based upon race in the case of

a. Brown v. Board of Education. b. Nixon v. Herndon. c. Nixon v. Condon. d. NAACP v. Texas. e. Smith v. Allwright.

How did the process of proposing the Equal Rights Amendment resemble that of the Nineteenth Amendment?

a. The same arguments were used against both. b. Both amendments passed Congress but failed to be ratified. c. The same cluster of southern states opposed ratification of both amendments. d. In both cases, women favored the amendments, but men were strongly opposed.