Which of the following historical analogies did decision makers utilize when debating the intervention in Vietnam?

The First Amendment’s free exercise clause bans government laws that prohibit the free exercise of religion. An excellent example of applying this standard is the one faced by Jehovah’s Witnesses in 1943. What was that challenge?

a. The Supreme Court ruled that Jehovah’s Witnesses could not go door-to-door to advocate for their beliefs. b. The Supreme Court ruled that Jehovah’s Witnesses were out of the mainstream of religious belief and were therefore not protected by the First Amendment. c. The Supreme Court ruled that Jehovah’s Witnesses are not observing a “legitimate” religion. d. In West Virginia v. Barnette the Supreme Court ruled that the public school system could not suspend students who as Jehovah’s Witnesses refused to salute the flag in their classrooms. e. In Brown v. Board of Education the Supreme Court upheld a law which banned prayer in school by students who were Jehovah’s Witnesses.

Which of the following statements is not accurate?

a. Since 1984, federal judges have been permitted to retire with full pay and benefits under what is called the rule of eighty, that is, when the sum of a judge’s age and number of years on the bench is eighty. b. Approximately 40 percent of the nation’s more than twelve hundred working judges are on “senior status” and have thus opted not to retire. c. Some credible evidence suggests that judges often time their resignations to occur when their party controls the presidency so they will be replaced by a jurist of similar political and judicial orientation. d. The rule of eighty refers to the custom of Supreme Court justices retiring when they reach the age of eighty, regardless of their health.