In the blank, write input, output, or both for each of the following.

________ is indicating either male or female by the type of language used

a. Gender bias b. Discrimination c. Gender mixing d. Reclassification

A 55 year old patient has been smoking 1-1/2 packs of cigarettes per day for 30 years. You would quantify and record his smoking history as:

A. 15 pack-years B. 30 pack-years C. 45 pack-years D. 60 pack-years