Explain the attitudes-follow-behavior principle and give an example.

Karin's mother took her into a rest room at Disney World. The loud and powerful flushing caused Karin to cry. When she and her parents returned home, they found that Karin would not go near the potty chair they were using for toilet training. They concluded that Karin developed a phobia as a result of

a) learned helplessness. b) operant conditioning. c) classical conditioning. d) vicarious conditioning.

Cousins Ashti, age 26, and Layla, age 23, are planning to become roommates when they both find jobs. Which cousin is likely to struggle more in finding a job?

a. Ashti, because emerging adults over the age of 25 rarely find employment b. Ashti, because the unemployment rate for adults over 25 is twice as high as it is for those in their late teens and early 20s c. Layla, because she has likely not held a job before d. Layla, because the unemployment rate for adults in their late teens and early 20s is twice as high as it is for those over the age of 25