How is it that cigarette manufacturers can claim that there is no proof that cigarettes cause lung cancer?

What will be an ideal response?

A causal argument requires that effects produced are directly and unequivocably produced by the cause. Since not everyone who smokes gets lung cancer and people who do not smoke can get lung cancer, the manufacturers can argue that other factors are involved in the development of lung cancer. They are also applying an extremely high standard of causation, higher than most people would apply.

Communication & Mass Media

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When brainstorming with group members, you should suggest as

many ideas as you can. Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Communication & Mass Media

Two friends cannot decide where to eat. One suggests Italian while the other has a taste for Mexican. After arguing for a while, they agree on trying a new Asian-inspired bistro that just opened. This scenario illustrates which conflict style?

A. competing B. accommodating C. compromising D. collaborating

Communication & Mass Media