The modern Realist painters of the nineteenth century, including Honoré Daumier and Édouard Manet, were bound by all of the following except they __________

a. chose to depict subjects from everyday life
b. attempted to paint objects as they saw them optically
c. were preoccupied with the science of optics
d. emphasized the two-dimensionality of the canvas
e. highlighted the physical properties of their pigments

c