Using the African American community as an example, how do single mothers implement effective, alternative parenting strategies.

What will be an ideal response?

In African American communities, single mothers are often integrated within their community, providing their children with opportunities to interact with many caring adult family members and friends of the family; thus, children are raised as members of a larger African American community. Often an adult male, such as an uncle or grandfather, takes on a fathering role, helping a child build competence and develop a relationship with a caring adult male. In such families, grandmothers often are highly involved, warm, and helpful, taking on important support roles.