Highlight the differences between positive and negative reinforcement
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: A good answer will include the following key points.
• Reinforcement, whether positive or negative, always strengthens a behavior, making a behavior more likely to recur.
• With positive reinforcement, the response is followed by the presentation of, or increase in intensity of, the reinforcing stimulus.
• With negative reinforcement, the response is followed by the removal, delay, or decrease in intensity of an unpleasant stimulus.
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Memory is not like a tape recorder in the brain. Rather than retrieve information, it is more accurate to say we reconstruct it.*
a. True b. False
A psychological test is said to have content validity if:
a. the items in the test broadly represent the trait in question. b. its results are comparable to established standards of performance. c. it produces the same results from one time to the next. d. it predicts other measures of the personality trait in question.