Babies discover that if they drop a spoon while sitting in the high chair, the spoon will fall to the floor and make a noise. This is an example of

Which of the following statements concerning McClelland's program for achievement motivation is incorrect?

a. The program's basic purpose is to have people think constantly in need for achievement terms. b. Achievement-related cognition is enough to ensure that need for achievement will be manifest in behavior. c. The client must see achievement orientation as being congruent with her/his self-image. d. The program links achievement thoughts to concrete action patterns.

In general, young adolescents

a. view gender-role violations as a sign of psychological abnormality. b. are more accepting of peers' cross-sex interests than they are likely to be as adults. c. make less negative judgments of peers who violate traditional gender roles than do those in middle childhood. d. show significantly fewer sex difference on tests of cognitive abilities.