If mining companies are able to shift some of their production costs onto outside parties, the actual output of mines is likely to fall short of society's ideal

The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System is

A) elected by the public. B) elected by members of the American Banking Association. C) appointed by the Congress. D) appointed by the President with approval of the U.S. Senate.

Which of the following is a final good?

A) the memory chips in your new smart phone B) a share of IBM stock C) flour purchased at the store to bake cookies D) flour used by the bakery to bake cookies