Adolescents are more likely to use substances if they

A) have permissive parents.
B) have a close relationship with their parents.
C) are closely monitored by their parents.
D) have discussed substance use with their parents.

A) have permissive parents. Harsh, inconsistent, or permissive discipline is associated with higher levels of substance use. Not surprisingly, poor parental monitoring increases the risk as well because these parents have less knowledge of what their teens are doing and who they're with.